Attia and Delaney Author Research Examining Venous Thromgoembolism Among People with HIV
Posted: 12/7/2023 (CSDE Research)
CSDE Affiliates Dr. Engi Attia (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine) and Dr. Joseph Delaney (Epidemiology) released their research in JAIDS, “Venous thromboembolism among people with HIV: Design, implementation, and findings of a centralized adjudication system in clinical care sites across the United States“. People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The authors conducted this study to characterize VTE including provoking factors among PWH in the current treatment era. Their robust adjudication process demonstrated the benefits of multiple ascertainment approaches followed by adjudication. Provoked VTEs were more common than unprovoked events. Non-traditional and modifiable potential predisposing factors such as viremia and smoking were common.
Authors included PWH with VTE between 2010-2020 at six sites in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort. They ascertained for possible VTE using diagnosis, VTE-related imaging, and VTE-related procedure codes, followed by centralized adjudication of primary data by expert physician reviewers. They evaluated sensitivity and positive predictive value of VTE ascertainment approaches. VTEs were classified by type and anatomic location. Reviewers identified provoking factors such as hospitalizations, infections, and other potential predisposing factors such as smoking.
They identified 557 PWH with adjudicated VTE: 239 (43%) had pulmonary embolism (PE) with or without deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and 318 (57%) had DVT alone. Ascertainment with clinical diagnoses alone missed 6% of VTEs identified with multiple ascertainment approaches. DVTs not associated with intravenous lines were most often in the proximal lower extremities. Among PWH with VTE, common provoking factors included recent hospitalization (n=134, 42%), infection (n=133, 42%), and immobilization/bed rest (n=78, 25%). Only 57 (10%) PWH had no provoking factor identified. Smoking (46%), HIV viremia (27%) and injection drug use (22%) were also common.
They conducted a robust adjudication process that demonstrated the benefits of multiple ascertainment approaches followed by adjudication. Provoked VTEs were more common than unprovoked events. Non-traditional and modifiable potential predisposing factors such as viremia and smoking were common.