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Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology

Review by Huh and Colleagues Critically Discusses Best Practices for Reporting Count Outcomes In Alcohol Intervention Research

CSDE Affiliate Dr. David Huh (Social Work) published research with co-authors in Alcohol Clinical & Experimental Research, titled “The selection of statistical models for reporting count outcomes and intervention effects in brief alcohol intervention trials: A review and recommendations”. Understanding the efficacy and relative effectiveness of a brief alcohol intervention (BAI) relies on obtaining a credible intervention effect estimate. Outcomes in BAI trials are often count variables, such as the number of drinks consumed, which may be overdispersed and zero-inflated. Ignoring such distribution characteristics can lead to biased estimates and invalid statistical conclusions. In this critical review, the authors identified and reviewed 64 papers that reported count outcomes from a systematic review of BAI trials for adolescents and young adults from 2013 to 2018. 

*New* Data from IPUMs

IPUMs is excited to announce the release of the 2022 1-year data from the American Community Survey (ACS) through IPUMS USA and IPUMS NHGIS. There are also new data from IPUMS MTUS, IPUMS CPS, and IPUMS USA. Links to all new data are in the full story!

IPUMS NHGISNHGIS has added the 2022 1-Year ACS Summary File, including over 1,400 data tables for geographic areas with 65,000 or more residents.

IPUMS TIME USEThe 2022 ATUS is now available via MTUS as are data from seven countries from the 1960s. For all revisions to IPUMS MTUS, see the revision history. IPUMS CPSOctober CPS basic monthly data are now available. IPUMS USANew data available on IPUMS USA include:

Attia and Delaney Author Research Examining Venous Thromgoembolism Among People with HIV

CSDE Affiliates Dr. Engi Attia (Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine) and Dr. Joseph Delaney (Epidemiology) released their research in JAIDS, “Venous thromboembolism among people with HIV: Design, implementation, and findings of a centralized adjudication system in clinical care sites across the United States“. People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The authors conducted this study to characterize VTE including provoking factors among PWH in the current treatment era. Their robust adjudication process demonstrated the benefits of multiple ascertainment approaches followed by adjudication. Provoked VTEs were more common than unprovoked events. Non-traditional and modifiable potential predisposing factors such as viremia and smoking were common.

Authors included PWH with VTE between 2010-2020 at six sites in the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort. They ascertained for possible VTE using diagnosis, VTE-related imaging, and VTE-related procedure codes, followed by centralized adjudication of primary data by expert physician reviewers. They evaluated sensitivity and positive predictive value of VTE ascertainment approaches. VTEs were classified by type and anatomic location. Reviewers identified provoking factors such as hospitalizations, infections, and other potential predisposing factors such as smoking.

They identified 557 PWH with adjudicated VTE: 239 (43%) had pulmonary embolism (PE) with or without deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and 318 (57%) had DVT alone. Ascertainment with clinical diagnoses alone missed 6% of VTEs identified with multiple ascertainment approaches. DVTs not associated with intravenous lines were most often in the proximal lower extremities. Among PWH with VTE, common provoking factors included recent hospitalization (n=134, 42%), infection (n=133, 42%), and immobilization/bed rest (n=78, 25%). Only 57 (10%) PWH had no provoking factor identified. Smoking (46%), HIV viremia (27%) and injection drug use (22%) were also common.

They conducted a robust adjudication process that demonstrated the benefits of multiple ascertainment approaches followed by adjudication. Provoked VTEs were more common than unprovoked events. Non-traditional and modifiable potential predisposing factors such as viremia and smoking were common.

New Article by Hajat and Colleagues Evaluates Precarious Employment Ramifications for Health and Health Inequity

CSDE Affiliate Dr. Anjum Hajat (Epidemiology) recently released research with co-authors in the Annual Review of Public Health, titled “Ramifications of Precarious Employment for Health and Health Inequity: Emerging Trends from the Americas“. Precarious employment (PE), which encompasses the power relations between workers and employers, is a well-established social determinant of health that has strong ramifications for health and health inequity. In this review, the authors discuss advances in the measurement of this multidimensional construct and provide recommendations for overcoming continued measurement challenges.

They then evaluate recent evidence of the negative health impacts of PE, with a focus on the burgeoning studies from North America and South America. They also establish the role of PE in maintaining and perpetuating health inequities and review potential policy solutions to help alleviate its health burden. Last, they discuss future research directions with a call for a better understanding of the heterogeneity within PE and for research that focuses both on upstream drivers that shape PE and its impacts on health, as well as on the mechanisms by which PE causes poor health.

Participate in the One Seattle Open Data Mini-Hackathon (12/14/23)

Are you interested in using publicly available City data to design a data dashboard that tells a story or highlights an issue? Please join the City of Seattle for a friendly half-day hackathon at Tableau’s Fremont office, hosted by Salesforce. The event will take place on Thursday December 14, 2023 with a kickoff at 10:00 and presentation and awards at 2:00 PM. Teams will design and build a new dashboard or visualization that tells a story using a dataset assigned from Seattle Open Data (https://data.seattle.gov). Any dashboarding or visualization tools can be used. This opportunity is open to faculty, staff, graduate, and undergraduate level participants (or younger).
This is a very friendly competition. A panel of judges including the Seattle Chief Technology Officer and Mayor’s Office and Tableau representatives will score dashboards. The winning team or teams will receive a non-monetary award and will be recognized by the City, including on the Innovation Hub. Anyone, regardless of experience, is welcome to form a team or join with others at the event. Developers and data experts will be available for coaching and technical help before and throughout the day and there will be optional workshops on civic design, using open data, and building dashboards. Hackathon rules and more details will be sent in early December. Please save the date! This mini-hackathon celebrates the release of Seattle’s One Seattle Data Strategy, a vision and plan to advance our use of data and analytical information. Lunch, coffee, snacks, and water will be provided.Spots are limited but registration is currently OPEN!

Oral PrEP and Male Partner HIV Self-Testing is Examined by Ngumbau, John-Stewart, and Colleagues

CSDE Affiliate Dr. Grace John-Stewart (Global Health, Epidemiology, Medicine, and Pediatrics) published research with co-authors in JAIDS, “Cofactors of partner HIV self-testing and Oral PrEP acceptance among pregnant women at high risk of HIV in Kenya“. The study was led by Dr. Nancy Ngumbau from Kenyatta National Hospital in Kenya. Oral PrEP and male partner HIV self-testing (HIVST) is being scaled up within antenatal clinics (ANC). Few data are available on how co-distribution influences acceptance of both interventions. The authors utilized data from the PrIMA (NCT03070600) trial in Kenya. Their study found that among women accepting HIVST, partner HIV testing increased from 20% to 82% and awareness of partner HIV status increased from 4.7% to 82.0% between pregnancy and 9-months postpartum. The authors conclude that understanding factors associated with accepting HIVST and PrEP can valuably inform HIV prevention programs for pregnant women.

Opportunity for Graduate Fellowship: Open Scholarship Commons Community Fellows Workshop Series (Due 12/15/23)

The Open Scholarship Commons Community Fellows Workshop Series is a paid fellowship opportunity for  graduate students underrepresented in the field of open scholarship. The goal of this Fellowship is to lift up students as experts in this field and create opportunities for peer to peer learning by offering student-led workshops. Equity is a core value of the UW Libraries Open Scholarship Commons, and this Fellowship, funded by the UW Diversity Council, aims to support the expertise and leadership of underrepresented students in the field of open scholarship.

Applicants should have a concrete idea for an open scholarship workshop, but will receive support on refining their idea and developing their workshop from mentors at UW Libraries’ Open Scholarship Commons and the eScience Institute. Fellows will be compensated at an hourly rate of $35/hour for up to 20 hours (for a maximum compensation of $700). Twenty hours is also meant to give a realistic sense of how much time Fellows will be expected to invest in this project. Fellows will be accepted Fall quarter, workshops will be developed during Winter quarter, and workshops will be held for the public (virtual, in-person, or hybrid) in Spring quarter. These final workshops will be recorded and made available on the Open Scholarship Commons website.

This Fellowship program is funded by a UW Diversity Council Diversity Seed Grant and co-administered by the Libraries Open Scholarship Commons and the eScience Institute. This fellowship is structured as a student employee position and requires that you provide proof of eligibility to work in the United States, and that you meet student employee enrollment criteria winter and spring quarter. International students on an F-1 or J-1 visa are encouraged to apply.